The Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Nerve Growth Factor, Neurotrophin-3, and Induced Nitric Oxide Synthase Expressions After Low-Level Laser Therapy in an Axonotmesis Experimental Model

Background data: A robust body of evidence has shown that low-level laser therapy (LLLT) improves peripheral nerve regeneration. However, the biochemical background triggered in this process is not yet fully understood.

Nonsurgical Laser Treatment (NSLT) of Central and Peripheral Nervous System Injuries

Photobiomodulation Therapy (PBMT) in Peripheral Nerve Regeneration: A Systematic Review

In the qualitative aspect, it was observed that PBMT was able to accelerate the process of nerve regeneration, presenting an increase in the number of myelinated fibers and a better lamellar organization of myelin sheath, besides improvement of electrophysiological function, immunoreactivity, high functionality rate, decrease of inflammation, pain, and the facilitation of neural regeneration, release of growth factors, increase of vascular network and collagen. It was concluded that PBMT has beneficial effects on the recovery of nerve lesions, especially when related to a faster regeneration and functional improvement, despite the variety of parameters.

Light Promotes Regeneration and Functional Recovery and Alters the Immune Response After Spinal Cord Injury

Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that light, delivered transcutaneously, improves recovery after injury and suggests that light will be a useful treatment for human SCI.

Efficacy of 780-nm Laser Phototherapy on Peripheral Nerve Regeneration after Neurotube Reconstruction Procedure (Double-Blind Randomized Study)

Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that postoperative 780-nm laser phototherapy enhances the regenerative process of the peripheral nerve after reconnection of the nerve defect using a PGA neurotube.

Effects of Laser Irradiation on the Spinal Cord for the Regeneration of Crushed Peripheral Nerve in Rats

Conclusion: This study suggests that low-power laser irradiation applied directly to the spinal cord can improve recovery of the corresponding insured peripheral nerve.

Phototherapy in Peripheral Nerve Injury for Muscle Preservation and Nerve Regeneration

POSTTRAUMATIC NERVE REPAIR and prevention of muscle atrophy represent a major challenge for restorative medicine. There is considerable interest in the potential therapeutic value of laser phototherapy for restoration or prevention of denervated muscle atrophy, as well as enhancing regeneration of a severely injured peripheral nerve.

Efficacy of Laser Photobiomodulation on Morphological and Functional Repair of the Facial Nerve

Conclusions: LLLT enhanced axonal regeneration and accelerated functional recovery of the whiskers, and both repair techniques allowed the growth of axons.

Suppressive effects of low-power laser irradiation on bradykinin evoked action potentials in cultured murine dorsal root ganglion cells

The laser irradiation may block the conduction of nociceptive signals in primary afferent neurons. The present experimental method offers a simple and easy to use procedure for studying the pain relief effects by laser irradiation.

Diode laser irradiation selectively diminishes slow component of axonalvolleys to dorsal roots from the saphenous nerve in the rat

These findings suggest that laser irradiation may selectively target fibers conducting at slow velocities which include afferent axons from nociceptors.